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Real Estate

Fill out Schedule E (Supplemental Income and Loss) online

Schedule E reports income and losses from rental real estate, royalties, partnerships, S corporations, estates, trusts, and REMICs. Part I is dedicated to rental real estate and royalties, making this the primary form for reporting rental property income and deductible expenses such as mortgage interest, depreciation, repairs, and property management fees.

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How to fill out Schedule E (Supplemental Income and Loss)

1

List each rental property

Enter the address, type of property (single family, multi-family, commercial, etc.), fair rental days, and personal use days for each rental property you own.

2

Report rental income

Enter the total rents received for each property during the tax year. Include all rental income, security deposits kept, and any advance rent received.

3

Itemize expenses

For each property, enter deductible expenses: advertising, auto and travel, cleaning, commissions, insurance, legal and professional fees, management fees, mortgage interest, repairs, taxes, utilities, and depreciation.

4

Calculate net income or loss

Subtract total expenses from total income for each property. If you have a loss, passive activity rules may limit how much you can deduct. Carry the total to Schedule 1, line 5.

About Schedule E (Supplemental Income and Loss)

Who needs this form

Landlords and rental property owners, recipients of royalty income, partners in partnerships, shareholders in S corporations, and beneficiaries of estates or trusts. If you own rental real estate, you almost certainly need to file Schedule E.

Where to submit

File with the IRS as part of your annual federal income tax return (Form 1040). The total from Schedule E flows to Form 1040, Schedule 1.

Source and content freshness

Official source (www.irs.gov)
  • Filing deadlines may shift for weekends and holidays. Verify due dates with official instructions.

Common mistakes to avoid

  • Not separating expenses by property when owning multiple rental properties
  • Forgetting to report personal use days, which can limit deductible losses
  • Omitting depreciation expense, which is one of the largest deductions for rental property
  • Confusing rental income with self-employment income (rental income is generally not subject to self-employment tax)
  • Not carrying forward suspended passive losses from prior years

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Can I deduct rental losses against my other income?
It depends. Rental activities are generally passive, meaning losses can only offset passive income. However, if you actively participate in managing the rental and your adjusted gross income is under $100,000, you can deduct up to $25,000 in rental losses against non-passive income. This deduction phases out between $100,000 and $150,000 AGI. Real estate professionals who meet certain hour requirements may deduct all rental losses. See Form 8582 for passive activity loss limitation calculations.

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